What Is the Sunnah of Applying Kohl?
The Sunnah of applying kohl (also called surma) is a blessed practice of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), the Noble Messenger, the Rahmah for humanity, the Intercessor of the Ummah, and the Owner of Jannah. This practice has been followed by Muslims for over 1,400 years and is not limited to beautification. Rather, it is a Prophetic tradition that combines worship, intention, and well-being. From my own experience teaching through Our Courses with a small Monthly fee and even a Free trail, many learners are surprised to discover how deeply meaningful this simple Sunnah is.
Benefits and Fazail of Applying Kohl
The benefits (Fazail) of kohl are both spiritual and medical. Scholars such as Ibn Al-Qayyim explained that ithmid (antimony) is the best and preferred type of kohl because it clears vision, improves eyesight, supports growing eyelashes, cleanses eyes, and protects them from impurities. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) used kohl nightly, which shows that this act is Mustahab and encouraged for both men and women, as a modest form of adornment when done with the right intention.
Best Time to Apply Kohl According to Sunnah
One of the key manners is timing. The Holy Prophet applied kohl before sleep, while resting on the bed. Applying it at night allows the kohl to remain longer in the eyes, pass through the pores, and increase its usefulness. Sayyiduna Abdullah Ibn Abbas رَضِیَ عَنْہُ narrates in authentic Hadith collections such as Jami Al-Tirmidhi and Sunan Ibn-e-Maja that the Prophet applied kohl every night, highlighting consistency in Sunnah.
Sunnah Method of Applying Kohl
The method of application (Sunan) is also important. Narrations commonly mention applying kohl in an odd number of strokes, usually three times in each eye, starting with the right and then the left. Other authentic reports mention two strokes in one eye and one in the other. These different methods were all approved and fulfilled by the Prophet, showing flexibility within the Sunnah.
Intention, Modesty, and Manners
The intention behind applying kohl should always be following the Sunnah and seeking reward, not makeup or excessive beautification. While kohl is permissible, men are advised to avoid black kohl worn in a way that attracts unwanted attention. This balanced view protects modesty while keeping the Sunnah alive.
Practical Tips for Safe and Effective Use
Some practical tips help maintain hygiene and benefit. Always remove excess kohl by scraping the applicator inside the container. Then gently pull down the lower eyelid and apply kohl along the waterline. Keeping the applicator clean supports eye safety and long-term benefit.
The Legacy of Ithmid Kohl in Islamic History
The rich legacy of ithmid comes from natural mineral sources found in the Arabian Peninsula, Persia, and North Africa. Early Muslims valued it for its cooling and protective effects in desert climates. Physicians of the Islamic Golden Age, such as Ibn Sīnā, described its therapeutic role, and modern research now confirms its antimicrobial properties. This shows how the Sunnah beautifully aligns with wisdom and science.